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41 results

tun.c

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  • commit.c 40.82 KiB
    #include "cache.h"
    #include "tag.h"
    #include "commit.h"
    #include "pkt-line.h"
    #include "utf8.h"
    #include "diff.h"
    #include "revision.h"
    #include "notes.h"
    #include "gpg-interface.h"
    #include "mergesort.h"
    #include "commit-slab.h"
    #include "prio-queue.h"
    #include "sha1-lookup.h"
    
    static struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_header_lines(const char *buf, size_t len, const char **);
    
    int save_commit_buffer = 1;
    
    const char *commit_type = "commit";
    
    struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_gently(const unsigned char *sha1,
    					      int quiet)
    {
    	struct object *obj = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), NULL, 0);
    
    	if (!obj)
    		return NULL;
    	return object_as_type(obj, OBJ_COMMIT, quiet);
    }
    
    struct commit *lookup_commit_reference(const unsigned char *sha1)
    {
    	return lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 0);
    }
    
    struct commit *lookup_commit_or_die(const unsigned char *sha1, const char *ref_name)
    {
    	struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
    	if (!c)
    		die(_("could not parse %s"), ref_name);
    	if (hashcmp(sha1, c->object.oid.hash)) {
    		warning(_("%s %s is not a commit!"),
    			ref_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
    	}
    	return c;
    }
    
    struct commit *lookup_commit(const unsigned char *sha1)
    {
    	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
    	if (!obj)
    		return create_object(sha1, alloc_commit_node());
    	return object_as_type(obj, OBJ_COMMIT, 0);
    }
    
    struct commit *lookup_commit_reference_by_name(const char *name)
    {
    	struct object_id oid;
    	struct commit *commit;
    
    	if (get_sha1_committish(name, oid.hash))
    		return NULL;
    	commit = lookup_commit_reference(oid.hash);
    	if (parse_commit(commit))
    		return NULL;
    	return commit;
    }
    
    static unsigned long parse_commit_date(const char *buf, const char *tail)
    {
    	const char *dateptr;
    
    	if (buf + 6 >= tail)
    		return 0;
    	if (memcmp(buf, "author", 6))
    		return 0;
    	while (buf < tail && *buf++ != '\n')
    		/* nada */;
    	if (buf + 9 >= tail)
    		return 0;
    	if (memcmp(buf, "committer", 9))
    		return 0;
    	while (buf < tail && *buf++ != '>')
    		/* nada */;
    	if (buf >= tail)
    		return 0;
    	dateptr = buf;
    	while (buf < tail && *buf++ != '\n')
    		/* nada */;
    	if (buf >= tail)
    		return 0;
    	/* dateptr < buf && buf[-1] == '\n', so strtoul will stop at buf-1 */
    	return strtoul(dateptr, NULL, 10);
    }
    
    static struct commit_graft **commit_graft;
    static int commit_graft_alloc, commit_graft_nr;
    
    static const unsigned char *commit_graft_sha1_access(size_t index, void *table)
    {
    	struct commit_graft **commit_graft_table = table;
    	return commit_graft_table[index]->oid.hash;
    }
    
    static int commit_graft_pos(const unsigned char *sha1)
    {
    	return sha1_pos(sha1, commit_graft, commit_graft_nr,
    			commit_graft_sha1_access);
    }
    
    int register_commit_graft(struct commit_graft *graft, int ignore_dups)
    {
    	int pos = commit_graft_pos(graft->oid.hash);
    
    	if (0 <= pos) {
    		if (ignore_dups)
    			free(graft);
    		else {
    			free(commit_graft[pos]);
    			commit_graft[pos] = graft;
    		}
    		return 1;
    	}
    	pos = -pos - 1;
    	ALLOC_GROW(commit_graft, commit_graft_nr + 1, commit_graft_alloc);
    	commit_graft_nr++;
    	if (pos < commit_graft_nr)
    		memmove(commit_graft + pos + 1,
    			commit_graft + pos,
    			(commit_graft_nr - pos - 1) *
    			sizeof(*commit_graft));
    	commit_graft[pos] = graft;
    	return 0;
    }
    
    struct commit_graft *read_graft_line(char *buf, int len)
    {
    	/* The format is just "Commit Parent1 Parent2 ...\n" */
    	int i;
    	struct commit_graft *graft = NULL;
    	const int entry_size = GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 1;
    
    	while (len && isspace(buf[len-1]))
    		buf[--len] = '\0';
    	if (buf[0] == '#' || buf[0] == '\0')
    		return NULL;
    	if ((len + 1) % entry_size)
    		goto bad_graft_data;
    	i = (len + 1) / entry_size - 1;
    	graft = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(*graft), st_mult(GIT_SHA1_RAWSZ, i)));
    	graft->nr_parent = i;
    	if (get_oid_hex(buf, &graft->oid))
    		goto bad_graft_data;
    	for (i = GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ; i < len; i += entry_size) {
    		if (buf[i] != ' ')
    			goto bad_graft_data;
    		if (get_sha1_hex(buf + i + 1, graft->parent[i/entry_size].hash))
    			goto bad_graft_data;
    	}
    	return graft;
    
    bad_graft_data:
    	error("bad graft data: %s", buf);
    	free(graft);
    	return NULL;
    }
    
    static int read_graft_file(const char *graft_file)
    {
    	FILE *fp = fopen(graft_file, "r");
    	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
    	if (!fp)
    		return -1;
    	while (!strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, fp, '\n')) {
    		/* The format is just "Commit Parent1 Parent2 ...\n" */
    		struct commit_graft *graft = read_graft_line(buf.buf, buf.len);
    		if (!graft)
    			continue;
    		if (register_commit_graft(graft, 1))
    			error("duplicate graft data: %s", buf.buf);
    	}
    	fclose(fp);
    	strbuf_release(&buf);
    	return 0;
    }
    
    static void prepare_commit_graft(void)
    {
    	static int commit_graft_prepared;
    	char *graft_file;
    
    	if (commit_graft_prepared)
    		return;
    	graft_file = get_graft_file();
    	read_graft_file(graft_file);
    	/* make sure shallows are read */
    	is_repository_shallow();
    	commit_graft_prepared = 1;
    }
    
    struct commit_graft *lookup_commit_graft(const unsigned char *sha1)
    {
    	int pos;
    	prepare_commit_graft();
    	pos = commit_graft_pos(sha1);
    	if (pos < 0)
    		return NULL;
    	return commit_graft[pos];
    }
    
    int for_each_commit_graft(each_commit_graft_fn fn, void *cb_data)
    {
    	int i, ret;
    	for (i = ret = 0; i < commit_graft_nr && !ret; i++)
    		ret = fn(commit_graft[i], cb_data);
    	return ret;
    }
    
    int unregister_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1)
    {
    	int pos = commit_graft_pos(sha1);
    	if (pos < 0)
    		return -1;
    	if (pos + 1 < commit_graft_nr)
    		memmove(commit_graft + pos, commit_graft + pos + 1,
    				sizeof(struct commit_graft *)
    				* (commit_graft_nr - pos - 1));
    	commit_graft_nr--;
    	return 0;
    }
    
    struct commit_buffer {
    	void *buffer;
    	unsigned long size;
    };
    define_commit_slab(buffer_slab, struct commit_buffer);
    static struct buffer_slab buffer_slab = COMMIT_SLAB_INIT(1, buffer_slab);
    
    void set_commit_buffer(struct commit *commit, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
    {
    	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_at(&buffer_slab, commit);
    	v->buffer = buffer;
    	v->size = size;
    }
    
    const void *get_cached_commit_buffer(const struct commit *commit, unsigned long *sizep)
    {
    	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_peek(&buffer_slab, commit);
    	if (!v) {
    		if (sizep)
    			*sizep = 0;
    		return NULL;
    	}
    	if (sizep)
    		*sizep = v->size;
    	return v->buffer;
    }
    
    const void *get_commit_buffer(const struct commit *commit, unsigned long *sizep)
    {
    	const void *ret = get_cached_commit_buffer(commit, sizep);
    	if (!ret) {
    		enum object_type type;
    		unsigned long size;
    		ret = read_sha1_file(commit->object.oid.hash, &type, &size);
    		if (!ret)
    			die("cannot read commit object %s",
    			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid));
    		if (type != OBJ_COMMIT)
    			die("expected commit for %s, got %s",
    			    oid_to_hex(&commit->object.oid), typename(type));
    		if (sizep)
    			*sizep = size;
    	}
    	return ret;
    }
    
    void unuse_commit_buffer(const struct commit *commit, const void *buffer)
    {
    	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_peek(&buffer_slab, commit);
    	if (!(v && v->buffer == buffer))
    		free((void *)buffer);
    }
    
    void free_commit_buffer(struct commit *commit)
    {
    	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_peek(&buffer_slab, commit);
    	if (v) {
    		free(v->buffer);
    		v->buffer = NULL;
    		v->size = 0;
    	}
    }
    
    const void *detach_commit_buffer(struct commit *commit, unsigned long *sizep)
    {
    	struct commit_buffer *v = buffer_slab_peek(&buffer_slab, commit);
    	void *ret;
    
    	if (!v) {
    		if (sizep)
    			*sizep = 0;
    		return NULL;
    	}
    	ret = v->buffer;
    	if (sizep)
    		*sizep = v->size;
    
    	v->buffer = NULL;
    	v->size = 0;
    	return ret;
    }
    
    int parse_commit_buffer(struct commit *item, const void *buffer, unsigned long size)
    {
    	const char *tail = buffer;
    	const char *bufptr = buffer;
    	struct object_id parent;
    	struct commit_list **pptr;
    	struct commit_graft *graft;
    	const int tree_entry_len = GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 5;
    	const int parent_entry_len = GIT_SHA1_HEXSZ + 7;
    
    	if (item->object.parsed)
    		return 0;
    	item->object.parsed = 1;
    	tail += size;
    	if (tail <= bufptr + tree_entry_len + 1 || memcmp(bufptr, "tree ", 5) ||
    			bufptr[tree_entry_len] != '\n')
    		return error("bogus commit object %s", oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
    	if (get_sha1_hex(bufptr + 5, parent.hash) < 0)
    		return error("bad tree pointer in commit %s",
    			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
    	item->tree = lookup_tree(parent.hash);
    	bufptr += tree_entry_len + 1; /* "tree " + "hex sha1" + "\n" */
    	pptr = &item->parents;
    
    	graft = lookup_commit_graft(item->object.oid.hash);
    	while (bufptr + parent_entry_len < tail && !memcmp(bufptr, "parent ", 7)) {
    		struct commit *new_parent;
    
    		if (tail <= bufptr + parent_entry_len + 1 ||
    		    get_sha1_hex(bufptr + 7, parent.hash) ||
    		    bufptr[parent_entry_len] != '\n')
    			return error("bad parents in commit %s", oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
    		bufptr += parent_entry_len + 1;
    		/*
    		 * The clone is shallow if nr_parent < 0, and we must
    		 * not traverse its real parents even when we unhide them.
    		 */
    		if (graft && (graft->nr_parent < 0 || grafts_replace_parents))
    			continue;
    		new_parent = lookup_commit(parent.hash);
    		if (new_parent)
    			pptr = &commit_list_insert(new_parent, pptr)->next;
    	}
    	if (graft) {
    		int i;
    		struct commit *new_parent;
    		for (i = 0; i < graft->nr_parent; i++) {
    			new_parent = lookup_commit(graft->parent[i].hash);
    			if (!new_parent)
    				continue;
    			pptr = &commit_list_insert(new_parent, pptr)->next;
    		}
    	}
    	item->date = parse_commit_date(bufptr, tail);
    
    	return 0;
    }
    
    int parse_commit_gently(struct commit *item, int quiet_on_missing)
    {
    	enum object_type type;
    	void *buffer;
    	unsigned long size;
    	int ret;
    
    	if (!item)
    		return -1;
    	if (item->object.parsed)
    		return 0;
    	buffer = read_sha1_file(item->object.oid.hash, &type, &size);
    	if (!buffer)
    		return quiet_on_missing ? -1 :
    			error("Could not read %s",
    			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
    	if (type != OBJ_COMMIT) {
    		free(buffer);
    		return error("Object %s not a commit",
    			     oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid));
    	}
    	ret = parse_commit_buffer(item, buffer, size);
    	if (save_commit_buffer && !ret) {
    		set_commit_buffer(item, buffer, size);
    		return 0;
    	}
    	free(buffer);
    	return ret;
    }
    
    void parse_commit_or_die(struct commit *item)
    {
    	if (parse_commit(item))
    		die("unable to parse commit %s",
    		    item ? oid_to_hex(&item->object.oid) : "(null)");
    }
    
    int find_commit_subject(const char *commit_buffer, const char **subject)
    {
    	const char *eol;
    	const char *p = commit_buffer;
    
    	while (*p && (*p != '\n' || p[1] != '\n'))
    		p++;
    	if (*p) {
    		p += 2;
    		for (eol = p; *eol && *eol != '\n'; eol++)
    			; /* do nothing */
    	} else
    		eol = p;
    
    	*subject = p;
    
    	return eol - p;
    }
    
    struct commit_list *commit_list_insert(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **list_p)
    {
    	struct commit_list *new_list = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_list));
    	new_list->item = item;
    	new_list->next = *list_p;
    	*list_p = new_list;
    	return new_list;
    }
    
    unsigned commit_list_count(const struct commit_list *l)
    {
    	unsigned c = 0;
    	for (; l; l = l->next )
    		c++;
    	return c;
    }
    
    struct commit_list *copy_commit_list(struct commit_list *list)
    {
    	struct commit_list *head = NULL;
    	struct commit_list **pp = &head;
    	while (list) {
    		pp = commit_list_append(list->item, pp);
    		list = list->next;
    	}
    	return head;
    }
    
    void free_commit_list(struct commit_list *list)
    {
    	while (list)
    		pop_commit(&list);
    }
    
    struct commit_list * commit_list_insert_by_date(struct commit *item, struct commit_list **list)
    {
    	struct commit_list **pp = list;
    	struct commit_list *p;
    	while ((p = *pp) != NULL) {
    		if (p->item->date < item->date) {
    			break;
    		}
    		pp = &p->next;
    	}
    	return commit_list_insert(item, pp);
    }
    
    static int commit_list_compare_by_date(const void *a, const void *b)
    {
    	unsigned long a_date = ((const struct commit_list *)a)->item->date;
    	unsigned long b_date = ((const struct commit_list *)b)->item->date;
    	if (a_date < b_date)
    		return 1;
    	if (a_date > b_date)
    		return -1;
    	return 0;
    }
    
    static void *commit_list_get_next(const void *a)
    {
    	return ((const struct commit_list *)a)->next;
    }
    
    static void commit_list_set_next(void *a, void *next)
    {
    	((struct commit_list *)a)->next = next;
    }
    
    void commit_list_sort_by_date(struct commit_list **list)
    {
    	*list = llist_mergesort(*list, commit_list_get_next, commit_list_set_next,
    				commit_list_compare_by_date);
    }
    
    struct commit *pop_most_recent_commit(struct commit_list **list,
    				      unsigned int mark)
    {
    	struct commit *ret = pop_commit(list);
    	struct commit_list *parents = ret->parents;
    
    	while (parents) {
    		struct commit *commit = parents->item;
    		if (!parse_commit(commit) && !(commit->object.flags & mark)) {
    			commit->object.flags |= mark;
    			commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, list);
    		}
    		parents = parents->next;
    	}
    	return ret;
    }
    
    static void clear_commit_marks_1(struct commit_list **plist,
    				 struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark)
    {
    	while (commit) {
    		struct commit_list *parents;
    
    		if (!(mark & commit->object.flags))
    			return;
    
    		commit->object.flags &= ~mark;
    
    		parents = commit->parents;
    		if (!parents)
    			return;
    
    		while ((parents = parents->next))
    			commit_list_insert(parents->item, plist);
    
    		commit = commit->parents->item;
    	}
    }
    
    void clear_commit_marks_many(int nr, struct commit **commit, unsigned int mark)
    {
    	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
    
    	while (nr--) {
    		commit_list_insert(*commit, &list);
    		commit++;
    	}
    	while (list)
    		clear_commit_marks_1(&list, pop_commit(&list), mark);
    }
    
    void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark)
    {
    	clear_commit_marks_many(1, &commit, mark);
    }
    
    void clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(struct object_array *a, unsigned mark)
    {
    	struct object *object;
    	struct commit *commit;
    	unsigned int i;
    
    	for (i = 0; i < a->nr; i++) {
    		object = a->objects[i].item;
    		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(object->oid.hash, 1);
    		if (commit)
    			clear_commit_marks(commit, mark);
    	}
    }
    
    struct commit *pop_commit(struct commit_list **stack)
    {
    	struct commit_list *top = *stack;
    	struct commit *item = top ? top->item : NULL;
    
    	if (top) {
    		*stack = top->next;
    		free(top);
    	}
    	return item;
    }
    
    /*
     * Topological sort support
     */
    
    /* count number of children that have not been emitted */
    define_commit_slab(indegree_slab, int);
    
    /* record author-date for each commit object */
    define_commit_slab(author_date_slab, unsigned long);
    
    static void record_author_date(struct author_date_slab *author_date,
    			       struct commit *commit)
    {
    	const char *buffer = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
    	struct ident_split ident;
    	const char *ident_line;
    	size_t ident_len;
    	char *date_end;
    	unsigned long date;
    
    	ident_line = find_commit_header(buffer, "author", &ident_len);
    	if (!ident_line)
    		goto fail_exit; /* no author line */
    	if (split_ident_line(&ident, ident_line, ident_len) ||
    	    !ident.date_begin || !ident.date_end)
    		goto fail_exit; /* malformed "author" line */
    
    	date = strtoul(ident.date_begin, &date_end, 10);
    	if (date_end != ident.date_end)
    		goto fail_exit; /* malformed date */
    	*(author_date_slab_at(author_date, commit)) = date;
    
    fail_exit:
    	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer);
    }
    
    static int compare_commits_by_author_date(const void *a_, const void *b_,
    					  void *cb_data)
    {
    	const struct commit *a = a_, *b = b_;
    	struct author_date_slab *author_date = cb_data;
    	unsigned long a_date = *(author_date_slab_at(author_date, a));
    	unsigned long b_date = *(author_date_slab_at(author_date, b));
    
    	/* newer commits with larger date first */
    	if (a_date < b_date)
    		return 1;
    	else if (a_date > b_date)
    		return -1;
    	return 0;
    }
    
    int compare_commits_by_commit_date(const void *a_, const void *b_, void *unused)
    {
    	const struct commit *a = a_, *b = b_;
    	/* newer commits with larger date first */
    	if (a->date < b->date)
    		return 1;
    	else if (a->date > b->date)
    		return -1;
    	return 0;
    }
    
    /*
     * Performs an in-place topological sort on the list supplied.
     */
    void sort_in_topological_order(struct commit_list **list, enum rev_sort_order sort_order)
    {
    	struct commit_list *next, *orig = *list;
    	struct commit_list **pptr;
    	struct indegree_slab indegree;
    	struct prio_queue queue;
    	struct commit *commit;
    	struct author_date_slab author_date;
    
    	if (!orig)
    		return;
    	*list = NULL;
    
    	init_indegree_slab(&indegree);
    	memset(&queue, '\0', sizeof(queue));
    
    	switch (sort_order) {
    	default: /* REV_SORT_IN_GRAPH_ORDER */
    		queue.compare = NULL;
    		break;
    	case REV_SORT_BY_COMMIT_DATE:
    		queue.compare = compare_commits_by_commit_date;
    		break;
    	case REV_SORT_BY_AUTHOR_DATE:
    		init_author_date_slab(&author_date);
    		queue.compare = compare_commits_by_author_date;
    		queue.cb_data = &author_date;
    		break;
    	}
    
    	/* Mark them and clear the indegree */
    	for (next = orig; next; next = next->next) {
    		struct commit *commit = next->item;
    		*(indegree_slab_at(&indegree, commit)) = 1;
    		/* also record the author dates, if needed */
    		if (sort_order == REV_SORT_BY_AUTHOR_DATE)
    			record_author_date(&author_date, commit);
    	}
    
    	/* update the indegree */
    	for (next = orig; next; next = next->next) {
    		struct commit_list *parents = next->item->parents;
    		while (parents) {
    			struct commit *parent = parents->item;
    			int *pi = indegree_slab_at(&indegree, parent);
    
    			if (*pi)
    				(*pi)++;
    			parents = parents->next;
    		}
    	}
    
    	/*
    	 * find the tips
    	 *
    	 * tips are nodes not reachable from any other node in the list
    	 *
    	 * the tips serve as a starting set for the work queue.
    	 */
    	for (next = orig; next; next = next->next) {
    		struct commit *commit = next->item;
    
    		if (*(indegree_slab_at(&indegree, commit)) == 1)
    			prio_queue_put(&queue, commit);
    	}
    
    	/*
    	 * This is unfortunate; the initial tips need to be shown
    	 * in the order given from the revision traversal machinery.
    	 */
    	if (sort_order == REV_SORT_IN_GRAPH_ORDER)
    		prio_queue_reverse(&queue);
    
    	/* We no longer need the commit list */
    	free_commit_list(orig);
    
    	pptr = list;
    	*list = NULL;
    	while ((commit = prio_queue_get(&queue)) != NULL) {
    		struct commit_list *parents;
    
    		for (parents = commit->parents; parents ; parents = parents->next) {
    			struct commit *parent = parents->item;
    			int *pi = indegree_slab_at(&indegree, parent);
    
    			if (!*pi)
    				continue;
    
    			/*
    			 * parents are only enqueued for emission
    			 * when all their children have been emitted thereby
    			 * guaranteeing topological order.
    			 */
    			if (--(*pi) == 1)
    				prio_queue_put(&queue, parent);
    		}
    		/*
    		 * all children of commit have already been
    		 * emitted. we can emit it now.
    		 */
    		*(indegree_slab_at(&indegree, commit)) = 0;
    
    		pptr = &commit_list_insert(commit, pptr)->next;
    	}
    
    	clear_indegree_slab(&indegree);
    	clear_prio_queue(&queue);
    	if (sort_order == REV_SORT_BY_AUTHOR_DATE)
    		clear_author_date_slab(&author_date);
    }
    
    /* merge-base stuff */
    
    /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
    #define PARENT1		(1u<<16)
    #define PARENT2		(1u<<17)
    #define STALE		(1u<<18)
    #define RESULT		(1u<<19)
    
    static const unsigned all_flags = (PARENT1 | PARENT2 | STALE | RESULT);
    
    static int queue_has_nonstale(struct prio_queue *queue)
    {
    	int i;
    	for (i = 0; i < queue->nr; i++) {
    		struct commit *commit = queue->array[i].data;
    		if (!(commit->object.flags & STALE))
    			return 1;
    	}
    	return 0;
    }
    
    /* all input commits in one and twos[] must have been parsed! */
    static struct commit_list *paint_down_to_common(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos)
    {
    	struct prio_queue queue = { compare_commits_by_commit_date };
    	struct commit_list *result = NULL;
    	int i;
    
    	one->object.flags |= PARENT1;
    	if (!n) {
    		commit_list_append(one, &result);
    		return result;
    	}
    	prio_queue_put(&queue, one);
    
    	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    		twos[i]->object.flags |= PARENT2;
    		prio_queue_put(&queue, twos[i]);
    	}
    
    	while (queue_has_nonstale(&queue)) {
    		struct commit *commit = prio_queue_get(&queue);
    		struct commit_list *parents;
    		int flags;
    
    		flags = commit->object.flags & (PARENT1 | PARENT2 | STALE);
    		if (flags == (PARENT1 | PARENT2)) {
    			if (!(commit->object.flags & RESULT)) {
    				commit->object.flags |= RESULT;
    				commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &result);
    			}
    			/* Mark parents of a found merge stale */
    			flags |= STALE;
    		}
    		parents = commit->parents;
    		while (parents) {
    			struct commit *p = parents->item;
    			parents = parents->next;
    			if ((p->object.flags & flags) == flags)
    				continue;
    			if (parse_commit(p))
    				return NULL;
    			p->object.flags |= flags;
    			prio_queue_put(&queue, p);
    		}
    	}
    
    	clear_prio_queue(&queue);
    	return result;
    }
    
    static struct commit_list *merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos)
    {
    	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
    	struct commit_list *result = NULL;
    	int i;
    
    	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    		if (one == twos[i])
    			/*
    			 * We do not mark this even with RESULT so we do not
    			 * have to clean it up.
    			 */
    			return commit_list_insert(one, &result);
    	}
    
    	if (parse_commit(one))
    		return NULL;
    	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    		if (parse_commit(twos[i]))
    			return NULL;
    	}
    
    	list = paint_down_to_common(one, n, twos);
    
    	while (list) {
    		struct commit *commit = pop_commit(&list);
    		if (!(commit->object.flags & STALE))
    			commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &result);
    	}
    	return result;
    }
    
    struct commit_list *get_octopus_merge_bases(struct commit_list *in)
    {
    	struct commit_list *i, *j, *k, *ret = NULL;
    
    	if (!in)
    		return ret;
    
    	commit_list_insert(in->item, &ret);
    
    	for (i = in->next; i; i = i->next) {
    		struct commit_list *new = NULL, *end = NULL;
    
    		for (j = ret; j; j = j->next) {
    			struct commit_list *bases;
    			bases = get_merge_bases(i->item, j->item);
    			if (!new)
    				new = bases;
    			else
    				end->next = bases;
    			for (k = bases; k; k = k->next)
    				end = k;
    		}
    		ret = new;
    	}
    	return ret;
    }
    
    static int remove_redundant(struct commit **array, int cnt)
    {
    	/*
    	 * Some commit in the array may be an ancestor of
    	 * another commit.  Move such commit to the end of
    	 * the array, and return the number of commits that
    	 * are independent from each other.
    	 */
    	struct commit **work;
    	unsigned char *redundant;
    	int *filled_index;
    	int i, j, filled;
    
    	work = xcalloc(cnt, sizeof(*work));
    	redundant = xcalloc(cnt, 1);
    	ALLOC_ARRAY(filled_index, cnt - 1);
    
    	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
    		parse_commit(array[i]);
    	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
    		struct commit_list *common;
    
    		if (redundant[i])
    			continue;
    		for (j = filled = 0; j < cnt; j++) {
    			if (i == j || redundant[j])
    				continue;
    			filled_index[filled] = j;
    			work[filled++] = array[j];
    		}
    		common = paint_down_to_common(array[i], filled, work);
    		if (array[i]->object.flags & PARENT2)
    			redundant[i] = 1;
    		for (j = 0; j < filled; j++)
    			if (work[j]->object.flags & PARENT1)
    				redundant[filled_index[j]] = 1;
    		clear_commit_marks(array[i], all_flags);
    		for (j = 0; j < filled; j++)
    			clear_commit_marks(work[j], all_flags);
    		free_commit_list(common);
    	}
    
    	/* Now collect the result */
    	memcpy(work, array, sizeof(*array) * cnt);
    	for (i = filled = 0; i < cnt; i++)
    		if (!redundant[i])
    			array[filled++] = work[i];
    	for (j = filled, i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
    		if (redundant[i])
    			array[j++] = work[i];
    	free(work);
    	free(redundant);
    	free(filled_index);
    	return filled;
    }
    
    static struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many_0(struct commit *one,
    						  int n,
    						  struct commit **twos,
    						  int cleanup)
    {
    	struct commit_list *list;
    	struct commit **rslt;
    	struct commit_list *result;
    	int cnt, i;
    
    	result = merge_bases_many(one, n, twos);
    	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    		if (one == twos[i])
    			return result;
    	}
    	if (!result || !result->next) {
    		if (cleanup) {
    			clear_commit_marks(one, all_flags);
    			clear_commit_marks_many(n, twos, all_flags);
    		}
    		return result;
    	}
    
    	/* There are more than one */
    	cnt = commit_list_count(result);
    	rslt = xcalloc(cnt, sizeof(*rslt));
    	for (list = result, i = 0; list; list = list->next)
    		rslt[i++] = list->item;
    	free_commit_list(result);
    
    	clear_commit_marks(one, all_flags);
    	clear_commit_marks_many(n, twos, all_flags);
    
    	cnt = remove_redundant(rslt, cnt);
    	result = NULL;
    	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
    		commit_list_insert_by_date(rslt[i], &result);
    	free(rslt);
    	return result;
    }
    
    struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one,
    					 int n,
    					 struct commit **twos)
    {
    	return get_merge_bases_many_0(one, n, twos, 1);
    }
    
    struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many_dirty(struct commit *one,
    					       int n,
    					       struct commit **twos)
    {
    	return get_merge_bases_many_0(one, n, twos, 0);
    }
    
    struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *one, struct commit *two)
    {
    	return get_merge_bases_many_0(one, 1, &two, 1);
    }
    
    /*
     * Is "commit" a descendant of one of the elements on the "with_commit" list?
     */
    int is_descendant_of(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *with_commit)
    {
    	if (!with_commit)
    		return 1;
    	while (with_commit) {
    		struct commit *other;
    
    		other = with_commit->item;
    		with_commit = with_commit->next;
    		if (in_merge_bases(other, commit))
    			return 1;
    	}
    	return 0;
    }
    
    /*
     * Is "commit" an ancestor of one of the "references"?
     */
    int in_merge_bases_many(struct commit *commit, int nr_reference, struct commit **reference)
    {
    	struct commit_list *bases;
    	int ret = 0, i;
    
    	if (parse_commit(commit))
    		return ret;
    	for (i = 0; i < nr_reference; i++)
    		if (parse_commit(reference[i]))
    			return ret;
    
    	bases = paint_down_to_common(commit, nr_reference, reference);
    	if (commit->object.flags & PARENT2)
    		ret = 1;
    	clear_commit_marks(commit, all_flags);
    	clear_commit_marks_many(nr_reference, reference, all_flags);
    	free_commit_list(bases);
    	return ret;
    }
    
    /*
     * Is "commit" an ancestor of (i.e. reachable from) the "reference"?
     */
    int in_merge_bases(struct commit *commit, struct commit *reference)
    {
    	return in_merge_bases_many(commit, 1, &reference);
    }
    
    struct commit_list *reduce_heads(struct commit_list *heads)
    {
    	struct commit_list *p;
    	struct commit_list *result = NULL, **tail = &result;
    	struct commit **array;
    	int num_head, i;
    
    	if (!heads)
    		return NULL;
    
    	/* Uniquify */
    	for (p = heads; p; p = p->next)
    		p->item->object.flags &= ~STALE;
    	for (p = heads, num_head = 0; p; p = p->next) {
    		if (p->item->object.flags & STALE)
    			continue;
    		p->item->object.flags |= STALE;
    		num_head++;
    	}
    	array = xcalloc(num_head, sizeof(*array));
    	for (p = heads, i = 0; p; p = p->next) {
    		if (p->item->object.flags & STALE) {
    			array[i++] = p->item;
    			p->item->object.flags &= ~STALE;
    		}
    	}
    	num_head = remove_redundant(array, num_head);
    	for (i = 0; i < num_head; i++)
    		tail = &commit_list_insert(array[i], tail)->next;
    	return result;
    }
    
    static const char gpg_sig_header[] = "gpgsig";
    static const int gpg_sig_header_len = sizeof(gpg_sig_header) - 1;
    
    static int do_sign_commit(struct strbuf *buf, const char *keyid)
    {
    	struct strbuf sig = STRBUF_INIT;
    	int inspos, copypos;
    
    	/* find the end of the header */
    	inspos = strstr(buf->buf, "\n\n") - buf->buf + 1;
    
    	if (!keyid || !*keyid)
    		keyid = get_signing_key();
    	if (sign_buffer(buf, &sig, keyid)) {
    		strbuf_release(&sig);
    		return -1;
    	}
    
    	for (copypos = 0; sig.buf[copypos]; ) {
    		const char *bol = sig.buf + copypos;
    		const char *eol = strchrnul(bol, '\n');
    		int len = (eol - bol) + !!*eol;
    
    		if (!copypos) {
    			strbuf_insert(buf, inspos, gpg_sig_header, gpg_sig_header_len);
    			inspos += gpg_sig_header_len;
    		}
    		strbuf_insert(buf, inspos++, " ", 1);
    		strbuf_insert(buf, inspos, bol, len);
    		inspos += len;
    		copypos += len;
    	}
    	strbuf_release(&sig);
    	return 0;
    }
    
    int parse_signed_commit(const struct commit *commit,
    			struct strbuf *payload, struct strbuf *signature)
    {
    
    	unsigned long size;
    	const char *buffer = get_commit_buffer(commit, &size);
    	int in_signature, saw_signature = -1;
    	const char *line, *tail;
    
    	line = buffer;
    	tail = buffer + size;
    	in_signature = 0;
    	saw_signature = 0;
    	while (line < tail) {
    		const char *sig = NULL;
    		const char *next = memchr(line, '\n', tail - line);
    
    		next = next ? next + 1 : tail;
    		if (in_signature && line[0] == ' ')
    			sig = line + 1;
    		else if (starts_with(line, gpg_sig_header) &&
    			 line[gpg_sig_header_len] == ' ')
    			sig = line + gpg_sig_header_len + 1;
    		if (sig) {
    			strbuf_add(signature, sig, next - sig);
    			saw_signature = 1;
    			in_signature = 1;
    		} else {
    			if (*line == '\n')
    				/* dump the whole remainder of the buffer */
    				next = tail;
    			strbuf_add(payload, line, next - line);
    			in_signature = 0;
    		}
    		line = next;
    	}
    	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer);
    	return saw_signature;
    }
    
    int remove_signature(struct strbuf *buf)
    {
    	const char *line = buf->buf;
    	const char *tail = buf->buf + buf->len;
    	int in_signature = 0;
    	const char *sig_start = NULL;
    	const char *sig_end = NULL;
    
    	while (line < tail) {
    		const char *next = memchr(line, '\n', tail - line);
    		next = next ? next + 1 : tail;
    
    		if (in_signature && line[0] == ' ')
    			sig_end = next;
    		else if (starts_with(line, gpg_sig_header) &&
    			 line[gpg_sig_header_len] == ' ') {
    			sig_start = line;
    			sig_end = next;
    			in_signature = 1;
    		} else {
    			if (*line == '\n')
    				/* dump the whole remainder of the buffer */
    				next = tail;
    			in_signature = 0;
    		}
    		line = next;
    	}
    
    	if (sig_start)
    		strbuf_remove(buf, sig_start - buf->buf, sig_end - sig_start);
    
    	return sig_start != NULL;
    }
    
    static void handle_signed_tag(struct commit *parent, struct commit_extra_header ***tail)
    {
    	struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
    	struct commit_extra_header *mergetag;
    	char *buf;
    	unsigned long size, len;
    	enum object_type type;
    
    	desc = merge_remote_util(parent);
    	if (!desc || !desc->obj)
    		return;
    	buf = read_sha1_file(desc->obj->oid.hash, &type, &size);
    	if (!buf || type != OBJ_TAG)
    		goto free_return;
    	len = parse_signature(buf, size);
    	if (size == len)
    		goto free_return;
    	/*
    	 * We could verify this signature and either omit the tag when
    	 * it does not validate, but the integrator may not have the
    	 * public key of the signer of the tag he is merging, while a
    	 * later auditor may have it while auditing, so let's not run
    	 * verify-signed-buffer here for now...
    	 *
    	 * if (verify_signed_buffer(buf, len, buf + len, size - len, ...))
    	 *	warn("warning: signed tag unverified.");
    	 */
    	mergetag = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*mergetag));
    	mergetag->key = xstrdup("mergetag");
    	mergetag->value = buf;
    	mergetag->len = size;
    
    	**tail = mergetag;
    	*tail = &mergetag->next;
    	return;
    
    free_return:
    	free(buf);
    }
    
    int check_commit_signature(const struct commit *commit, struct signature_check *sigc)
    {
    	struct strbuf payload = STRBUF_INIT;
    	struct strbuf signature = STRBUF_INIT;
    	int ret = 1;
    
    	sigc->result = 'N';
    
    	if (parse_signed_commit(commit, &payload, &signature) <= 0)
    		goto out;
    	ret = check_signature(payload.buf, payload.len, signature.buf,
    		signature.len, sigc);
    
     out:
    	strbuf_release(&payload);
    	strbuf_release(&signature);
    
    	return ret;
    }
    
    
    
    void append_merge_tag_headers(struct commit_list *parents,
    			      struct commit_extra_header ***tail)
    {
    	while (parents) {
    		struct commit *parent = parents->item;
    		handle_signed_tag(parent, tail);
    		parents = parents->next;
    	}
    }
    
    static void add_extra_header(struct strbuf *buffer,
    			     struct commit_extra_header *extra)
    {
    	strbuf_addstr(buffer, extra->key);
    	if (extra->len)
    		strbuf_add_lines(buffer, " ", extra->value, extra->len);
    	else
    		strbuf_addch(buffer, '\n');
    }
    
    struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_headers(struct commit *commit,
    						      const char **exclude)
    {
    	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL;
    	unsigned long size;
    	const char *buffer = get_commit_buffer(commit, &size);
    	extra = read_commit_extra_header_lines(buffer, size, exclude);
    	unuse_commit_buffer(commit, buffer);
    	return extra;
    }
    
    void for_each_mergetag(each_mergetag_fn fn, struct commit *commit, void *data)
    {
    	struct commit_extra_header *extra, *to_free;
    
    	to_free = read_commit_extra_headers(commit, NULL);
    	for (extra = to_free; extra; extra = extra->next) {
    		if (strcmp(extra->key, "mergetag"))
    			continue; /* not a merge tag */
    		fn(commit, extra, data);
    	}
    	free_commit_extra_headers(to_free);
    }
    
    static inline int standard_header_field(const char *field, size_t len)
    {
    	return ((len == 4 && !memcmp(field, "tree ", 5)) ||
    		(len == 6 && !memcmp(field, "parent ", 7)) ||
    		(len == 6 && !memcmp(field, "author ", 7)) ||
    		(len == 9 && !memcmp(field, "committer ", 10)) ||
    		(len == 8 && !memcmp(field, "encoding ", 9)));
    }
    
    static int excluded_header_field(const char *field, size_t len, const char **exclude)
    {
    	if (!exclude)
    		return 0;
    
    	while (*exclude) {
    		size_t xlen = strlen(*exclude);
    		if (len == xlen &&
    		    !memcmp(field, *exclude, xlen) && field[xlen] == ' ')
    			return 1;
    		exclude++;
    	}
    	return 0;
    }
    
    static struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_header_lines(
    	const char *buffer, size_t size,
    	const char **exclude)
    {
    	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL, **tail = &extra, *it = NULL;
    	const char *line, *next, *eof, *eob;
    	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
    
    	for (line = buffer, eob = line + size;
    	     line < eob && *line != '\n';
    	     line = next) {
    		next = memchr(line, '\n', eob - line);
    		next = next ? next + 1 : eob;
    		if (*line == ' ') {
    			/* continuation */
    			if (it)
    				strbuf_add(&buf, line + 1, next - (line + 1));
    			continue;
    		}
    		if (it)
    			it->value = strbuf_detach(&buf, &it->len);
    		strbuf_reset(&buf);
    		it = NULL;
    
    		eof = strchr(line, ' ');
    		if (next <= eof)
    			eof = next;
    
    		if (standard_header_field(line, eof - line) ||
    		    excluded_header_field(line, eof - line, exclude))
    			continue;
    
    		it = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*it));
    		it->key = xmemdupz(line, eof-line);
    		*tail = it;
    		tail = &it->next;
    		if (eof + 1 < next)
    			strbuf_add(&buf, eof + 1, next - (eof + 1));
    	}
    	if (it)
    		it->value = strbuf_detach(&buf, &it->len);
    	return extra;
    }
    
    void free_commit_extra_headers(struct commit_extra_header *extra)
    {
    	while (extra) {
    		struct commit_extra_header *next = extra->next;
    		free(extra->key);
    		free(extra->value);
    		free(extra);
    		extra = next;
    	}
    }
    
    int commit_tree(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
    		const unsigned char *tree,
    		struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
    		const char *author, const char *sign_commit)
    {
    	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL, **tail = &extra;
    	int result;
    
    	append_merge_tag_headers(parents, &tail);
    	result = commit_tree_extended(msg, msg_len, tree, parents, ret,
    				      author, sign_commit, extra);
    	free_commit_extra_headers(extra);
    	return result;
    }
    
    static int find_invalid_utf8(const char *buf, int len)
    {
    	int offset = 0;
    	static const unsigned int max_codepoint[] = {
    		0x7f, 0x7ff, 0xffff, 0x10ffff
    	};
    
    	while (len) {
    		unsigned char c = *buf++;
    		int bytes, bad_offset;
    		unsigned int codepoint;
    		unsigned int min_val, max_val;
    
    		len--;
    		offset++;
    
    		/* Simple US-ASCII? No worries. */
    		if (c < 0x80)
    			continue;
    
    		bad_offset = offset-1;
    
    		/*
    		 * Count how many more high bits set: that's how
    		 * many more bytes this sequence should have.
    		 */
    		bytes = 0;
    		while (c & 0x40) {
    			c <<= 1;
    			bytes++;
    		}
    
    		/*
    		 * Must be between 1 and 3 more bytes.  Longer sequences result in
    		 * codepoints beyond U+10FFFF, which are guaranteed never to exist.
    		 */
    		if (bytes < 1 || 3 < bytes)
    			return bad_offset;
    
    		/* Do we *have* that many bytes? */
    		if (len < bytes)
    			return bad_offset;
    
    		/*
    		 * Place the encoded bits at the bottom of the value and compute the
    		 * valid range.
    		 */
    		codepoint = (c & 0x7f) >> bytes;
    		min_val = max_codepoint[bytes-1] + 1;
    		max_val = max_codepoint[bytes];
    
    		offset += bytes;
    		len -= bytes;
    
    		/* And verify that they are good continuation bytes */
    		do {
    			codepoint <<= 6;
    			codepoint |= *buf & 0x3f;
    			if ((*buf++ & 0xc0) != 0x80)
    				return bad_offset;
    		} while (--bytes);
    
    		/* Reject codepoints that are out of range for the sequence length. */
    		if (codepoint < min_val || codepoint > max_val)
    			return bad_offset;
    		/* Surrogates are only for UTF-16 and cannot be encoded in UTF-8. */
    		if ((codepoint & 0x1ff800) == 0xd800)
    			return bad_offset;
    		/* U+xxFFFE and U+xxFFFF are guaranteed non-characters. */
    		if ((codepoint & 0xfffe) == 0xfffe)
    			return bad_offset;
    		/* So are anything in the range U+FDD0..U+FDEF. */
    		if (codepoint >= 0xfdd0 && codepoint <= 0xfdef)
    			return bad_offset;
    	}
    	return -1;
    }
    
    /*
     * This verifies that the buffer is in proper utf8 format.
     *
     * If it isn't, it assumes any non-utf8 characters are Latin1,
     * and does the conversion.
     */
    static int verify_utf8(struct strbuf *buf)
    {
    	int ok = 1;
    	long pos = 0;
    
    	for (;;) {
    		int bad;
    		unsigned char c;
    		unsigned char replace[2];
    
    		bad = find_invalid_utf8(buf->buf + pos, buf->len - pos);
    		if (bad < 0)
    			return ok;
    		pos += bad;
    		ok = 0;
    		c = buf->buf[pos];
    		strbuf_remove(buf, pos, 1);
    
    		/* We know 'c' must be in the range 128-255 */
    		replace[0] = 0xc0 + (c >> 6);
    		replace[1] = 0x80 + (c & 0x3f);
    		strbuf_insert(buf, pos, replace, 2);
    		pos += 2;
    	}
    }
    
    static const char commit_utf8_warn[] =
    "Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
    "You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
    "variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n";
    
    int commit_tree_extended(const char *msg, size_t msg_len,
    			 const unsigned char *tree,
    			 struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
    			 const char *author, const char *sign_commit,
    			 struct commit_extra_header *extra)
    {
    	int result;
    	int encoding_is_utf8;
    	struct strbuf buffer;
    
    	assert_sha1_type(tree, OBJ_TREE);
    
    	if (memchr(msg, '\0', msg_len))
    		return error("a NUL byte in commit log message not allowed.");
    
    	/* Not having i18n.commitencoding is the same as having utf-8 */
    	encoding_is_utf8 = is_encoding_utf8(git_commit_encoding);
    
    	strbuf_init(&buffer, 8192); /* should avoid reallocs for the headers */
    	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "tree %s\n", sha1_to_hex(tree));
    
    	/*
    	 * NOTE! This ordering means that the same exact tree merged with a
    	 * different order of parents will be a _different_ changeset even
    	 * if everything else stays the same.
    	 */
    	while (parents) {
    		struct commit *parent = pop_commit(&parents);
    		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "parent %s\n",
    			    oid_to_hex(&parent->object.oid));
    	}
    
    	/* Person/date information */
    	if (!author)
    		author = git_author_info(IDENT_STRICT);
    	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "author %s\n", author);
    	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "committer %s\n", git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT));
    	if (!encoding_is_utf8)
    		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "encoding %s\n", git_commit_encoding);
    
    	while (extra) {
    		add_extra_header(&buffer, extra);
    		extra = extra->next;
    	}
    	strbuf_addch(&buffer, '\n');
    
    	/* And add the comment */
    	strbuf_add(&buffer, msg, msg_len);
    
    	/* And check the encoding */
    	if (encoding_is_utf8 && !verify_utf8(&buffer))
    		fprintf(stderr, commit_utf8_warn);
    
    	if (sign_commit && do_sign_commit(&buffer, sign_commit))
    		return -1;
    
    	result = write_sha1_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, commit_type, ret);
    	strbuf_release(&buffer);
    	return result;
    }
    
    struct commit *get_merge_parent(const char *name)
    {
    	struct object *obj;
    	struct commit *commit;
    	struct object_id oid;
    	if (get_sha1(name, oid.hash))
    		return NULL;
    	obj = parse_object(oid.hash);
    	commit = (struct commit *)peel_to_type(name, 0, obj, OBJ_COMMIT);
    	if (commit && !commit->util) {
    		struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
    		desc = xmalloc(sizeof(*desc));
    		desc->obj = obj;
    		desc->name = strdup(name);
    		commit->util = desc;
    	}
    	return commit;
    }
    
    /*
     * Append a commit to the end of the commit_list.
     *
     * next starts by pointing to the variable that holds the head of an
     * empty commit_list, and is updated to point to the "next" field of
     * the last item on the list as new commits are appended.
     *
     * Usage example:
     *
     *     struct commit_list *list;
     *     struct commit_list **next = &list;
     *
     *     next = commit_list_append(c1, next);
     *     next = commit_list_append(c2, next);
     *     assert(commit_list_count(list) == 2);
     *     return list;
     */
    struct commit_list **commit_list_append(struct commit *commit,
    					struct commit_list **next)
    {
    	struct commit_list *new = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_list));
    	new->item = commit;
    	*next = new;
    	new->next = NULL;
    	return &new->next;
    }
    
    void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
    		       const char *format_cur,
    		       const char *format_last)
    {
    	for ( ; list; list = list->next) {
    		const char *format = list->next ? format_cur : format_last;
    		printf(format, oid_to_hex(&list->item->object.oid));
    	}
    }
    
    const char *find_commit_header(const char *msg, const char *key, size_t *out_len)
    {
    	int key_len = strlen(key);
    	const char *line = msg;
    
    	while (line) {
    		const char *eol = strchrnul(line, '\n');
    
    		if (line == eol)
    			return NULL;
    
    		if (eol - line > key_len &&
    		    !strncmp(line, key, key_len) &&
    		    line[key_len] == ' ') {
    			*out_len = eol - line - key_len - 1;
    			return line + key_len + 1;
    		}
    		line = *eol ? eol + 1 : NULL;
    	}
    	return NULL;
    }
    
    /*
     * Inspect sb and determine the true "end" of the log message, in
     * order to find where to put a new Signed-off-by: line.  Ignored are
     * trailing comment lines and blank lines, and also the traditional
     * "Conflicts:" block that is not commented out, so that we can use
     * "git commit -s --amend" on an existing commit that forgot to remove
     * it.
     *
     * Returns the number of bytes from the tail to ignore, to be fed as
     * the second parameter to append_signoff().
     */
    int ignore_non_trailer(struct strbuf *sb)
    {
    	int boc = 0;
    	int bol = 0;
    	int in_old_conflicts_block = 0;
    
    	while (bol < sb->len) {
    		char *next_line;
    
    		if (!(next_line = memchr(sb->buf + bol, '\n', sb->len - bol)))
    			next_line = sb->buf + sb->len;
    		else
    			next_line++;
    
    		if (sb->buf[bol] == comment_line_char || sb->buf[bol] == '\n') {
    			/* is this the first of the run of comments? */
    			if (!boc)
    				boc = bol;
    			/* otherwise, it is just continuing */
    		} else if (starts_with(sb->buf + bol, "Conflicts:\n")) {
    			in_old_conflicts_block = 1;
    			if (!boc)
    				boc = bol;
    		} else if (in_old_conflicts_block && sb->buf[bol] == '\t') {
    			; /* a pathname in the conflicts block */
    		} else if (boc) {
    			/* the previous was not trailing comment */
    			boc = 0;
    			in_old_conflicts_block = 0;
    		}
    		bol = next_line - sb->buf;
    	}
    	return boc ? sb->len - boc : 0;
    }