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    ### neverallow rules for untrusted app domains
    ###
    
    
    # Only allow domains in AOSP to use the untrusted_app_all attribute.
    neverallow { untrusted_app_all -untrusted_app -untrusted_app_25 } domain:process fork;
    
    
    define(`all_untrusted_apps',`{ untrusted_app_all untrusted_app_25 untrusted_app ephemeral_app isolated_app }')
    
    # Receive or send uevent messages.
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps domain:netlink_kobject_uevent_socket *;
    
    
    # Receive or send generic netlink messages
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps domain:netlink_socket *;
    
    
    # Too much leaky information in debugfs. It's a security
    # best practice to ensure these files aren't readable.
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps debugfs_type:file read;
    
    
    # Do not allow untrusted apps to register services.
    # Only trusted components of Android should be registering
    # services.
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps service_manager_type:service_manager add;
    
    
    # Do not allow untrusted apps to connect to the property service
    # or set properties. b/10243159
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps property_socket:sock_file write;
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps init:unix_stream_socket connectto;
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps property_type:property_service set;
    
    
    # Do not allow untrusted apps to be assigned mlstrustedsubject.
    # This would undermine the per-user isolation model being
    # enforced via levelFrom=user in seapp_contexts and the mls
    # constraints.  As there is no direct way to specify a neverallow
    # on attribute assignment, this relies on the fact that fork
    # permission only makes sense within a domain (hence should
    # never be granted to any other domain within mlstrustedsubject)
    # and an untrusted app is allowed fork permission to itself.
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps mlstrustedsubject:process fork;
    
    
    # Do not allow untrusted apps to hard link to any files.
    # In particular, if an untrusted app links to other app data
    # files, installd will not be able to guarantee the deletion
    # of the linked to file. Hard links also contribute to security
    # bugs, so we want to ensure untrusted apps never have this
    # capability.
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps file_type:file link;
    
    
    # Do not allow untrusted apps to access network MAC address file
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps sysfs_mac_address:file no_rw_file_perms;
    
    
    # Restrict socket ioctls. Either 1. disallow privileged ioctls, 2. disallow the
    # ioctl permission, or 3. disallow the socket class.
    
    neverallowxperm all_untrusted_apps domain:{ rawip_socket tcp_socket udp_socket } ioctl priv_sock_ioctls;
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps *:{ netlink_route_socket netlink_selinux_socket } ioctl;
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps *:{
    
      socket netlink_socket packet_socket key_socket appletalk_socket
    
      netlink_tcpdiag_socket netlink_nflog_socket
      netlink_xfrm_socket netlink_audit_socket
    
      netlink_dnrt_socket netlink_kobject_uevent_socket tun_socket
      netlink_iscsi_socket netlink_fib_lookup_socket netlink_connector_socket
      netlink_netfilter_socket netlink_generic_socket netlink_scsitransport_socket
      netlink_rdma_socket netlink_crypto_socket
    } *;
    
    # Do not allow untrusted apps access to /cache
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps { cache_file cache_recovery_file }:dir ~{ r_dir_perms };
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps { cache_file cache_recovery_file }:file ~{ read getattr };
    
    
    # Do not allow untrusted apps to create/unlink files outside of its sandbox,
    # internal storage or sdcard.
    # World accessible data locations allow application to fill the device
    # with unaccounted for data. This data will not get removed during
    # application un-installation.
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps {
    
      fs_type
      -fuse                     # sdcard
      -sdcardfs                 # sdcard
      -vfat
      file_type
      -app_data_file            # The apps sandbox itself
      -media_rw_data_file       # Internal storage. Known that apps can
                                # leave artfacts here after uninstall.
      -user_profile_data_file   # Access to profile files
      userdebug_or_eng(`
        -method_trace_data_file # only on ro.debuggable=1
        -coredump_file          # userdebug/eng only
      ')
    }:dir_file_class_set { create unlink };
    
    # Do not allow untrusted apps to directly open tun_device
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps tun_device:chr_file open;
    
    
    # Only allow appending to /data/anr/traces.txt (b/27853304, b/18340553)
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps anr_data_file:file ~{ open append };
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps anr_data_file:dir ~search;
    
    
    # Avoid reads from generically labeled /proc files
    # Create a more specific label if needed
    
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps proc:file { no_rw_file_perms no_x_file_perms };
    
    # Avoid all access to kernel configuration
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps config_gz:file { no_rw_file_perms no_x_file_perms };
    
    
    # Do not allow untrusted apps access to preloads data files
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps preloads_data_file:file no_rw_file_perms;
    
    
    # Locking of files on /system could lead to denial of service attacks
    # against privileged system components
    neverallow all_untrusted_apps system_file:file lock;