This function is needed to deal with worker local ressources: io_uring
requests for example.

Each worker now always has a MPSC inbox queue which was already used
in the laws scheduling strategy.
Fibers can be scheduled to a specific worker using the new
Scheduler::scheduleOn method.

Since the inbox queues are now always present we can use a single
FiberSource enum combining AbstractWorkStealingStrategy::FiberSource
and LawsStrategy::FiberSource.

The laws strategy now uses the inbox queues as its priority queues.
With the only differenze that when scheduling to a inbox queue
using the Scheduler::scheduleOn the Fiber lifes only in the inbox
queue and not also simultaneously in a WSQ.

Unrelated code changes made while touching the code anyway:
* Introduce FiberSource::io which hints that a Fiber comes from the
  worker's own CQ.
* Strongly type the fiber's source in NextFiberResult.
* Make all scheduler functions return std::optional<NextFiberResult>
* Cleanup the identation in nextFiberResultViaWorkStealing

I could not identify the commit that changes this behavior but
it is reproducible on our bigboxes and my arch system.

The UnblockOnMainActorTest regularly timeout in our CI
which looks to be a regular timeout because I could easily reproduce
the timeout on fauibig03.

Hopefully this change fixes regular timeouts like
https://gitlab.cs.fau.de/aj46ezos/emper/-/jobs/506757
in the CI and only leaves real faulty timeouts.

* Document data races of a future's state.
* Get and set a Future's state only through methods. This helps to
  add possibly needed atomic operations.
* Use atomics to get/set cancel and prepare state in IO_SINGLE_URING vaiant
* Add more IO debug messages
* Use the BPS of Futures with callbacks similar to those of forgotten
  ones to signal their preparation. The preparation mark the
  last moment where the Future is used in EMPER and after that the memory
  can be dropped.
  ATTENTION: This means not that the used resources of the IO request
  can be dropped. The kernel may still use a supplied buffer for example.
* Fix Future chain cancellation in SubmitActor

Currently canceling Futures would never happen because we
issued the cancel request only with the pointer of the future.
This works more by coincidence than by design because
the PointerTags::Future tagged onto the submitted future pointer is 0.

This does not work for callbacks because they are tagged with a
PointerTags != 0 and they don't use their callback pointer rather
than the future pointer.

Fix this by exporting the tagging from IoContext::prepareFutureChain
into IoContext::createFutureTag and use this when submitting a cancel
sqe.

Warn the user that they have to manually take care of the memory safety
of the callback because we can not await the callback in Future::cancel.

Add a test case to CancelFutureTest.

This makes the test closer to our echoserver.

I suspect some test which scale whith the number of CPUs to timeout
mostly on jenkins2.
This patch reduces the load when logging is active and increases the
load when logging is off.
Therefore our test build with debugoptimized will do less and hopefully
only timeout when they actually hung and the release test will do
more.

The test introduces multiple cycles of Semaphores and
a Fiber for each semaphore blocking and signaling the next.
Through work-stealing the fibers from a cycle should be spread
across different workers and thus test concurrent use of
BinaryPrivateSemaphores.

Cycle of length 3: Sem A -> Sem B -> Sem C -> Sem A -> ...
Algorithm:
	if isFirstInCycle
		signal next

	wait

	if not isFirstInCycle
		signal next

While we do not have yet LLVM 13 in the gitlab-ci, I use it on my
systems. So fix the new warnings found with clang-tidy 13.

The chosen amounts of echos take on my 16 core ryzen system ~5seconds.
This should hopefully reduce CI timeout where we are not sure if they are
bugs or legit timeouts. Furthermore this should reduce the amount of logs
we write and have to store after each CI run.

Before 05dc56ed the two test cases testDiskAndNetwork, testIov
where combined in one function which was terminating the runtime after the client
closed its socketafter the test was done.
This was already broken before 05dc56ed but after the separation of the
two use cases the race between the Runtime terminating and the execution of
the last parts of the test-runner's alphaFiber became bigger.

When the Runtime terminates because the last worker running the testIoV
code has outstanding IO the test-runner's successSem is never notified.

* Use more emper io functions
* Split the separate test cases into two functions
* Use C++ arrays where sensible

The tests may fail when repeated because the listener may bind to fast
to the tcp tuple again. This is fixed by using SO_REUSEPORT instead of SO_REUSEADDR.

TIL: SO_REUSEADDR is about address wildcards and SO_REUSEPORT allows
binding to the same tcp tuple.
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14388706/how-do-so-reuseaddr-and-so-reuseport-differ

Add a generic way to specify socket options when creating a listen socket
with tcp_listener.

* remove fancy but broken static LinuxVersion object.
  This means each usage of a EMPER_LINUX_* macro results in a syscall.
  But I think this is worth it when the result is a sound program.
  Users of those macros should store the result of the comparison anyway.
* fix that we skipped parsing the last part of a version string
* add a test for LinuxVersion
* IO_MUST_INVALIDATE_BROKEN_CHAIN can still be const

This allows use to remove the current hack that the test are always
build without NDEBUG regardless of the meson buildtype.

Which is fact fixes the failing io tests in release builds.
Because Future.hpp and Future.cpp see the same version of NDEBUG.

This allows the examination of stats which get printed in the Runtime
destructor.
Also remove useless stdlib includes (Why does iwyu not catch those?).

Until kernel commit cf10960426515 io_uring submitted sqe until it encountered
an invalid one. Now io_uring will catch the error on subimssion and
will cancel all sqe's contained in the link prior to the invalid one.

errno was never set on error and thus the DIE_MSG_ERRNO did not properly
report what happened.

Found during changing Future member types.

gcc 11.1 on my arch system complains that the calls to free
does not match the allocator function new[].

* Improve warn message in Future::cancel()
* Don't cancel a Future in the destructor if it was already cancelled or received
* Restructure CancelFutureTest into single separate test cases

With this I can not reproduce the weird CancelFutureTest behavior anymore
neither SIGABRT nor the timeout.

Move io and lib related tests into io/ and lib/.

Our test dictionaries not must have a 'source' key with an array
created with files().
This ensures we use always correct paths regardless of the actual directory
we are currently in.

Until https://github.com/mesonbuild/meson/issues/8608 is not solved
we have to separately specify the tests name in a 'name' key.

Allocate the Actor and the BPS on the heap as otherwise Fibers may
access already destructed Actor data.

This should, at least for the EXIT_SUCCESS case, fix #14.

The test fixture will automatically assume that the test was
successful if emperTest() returns.

Resetting the Future on the last iteration may cause the assert that
the Future was never awaited to trigger (which is in the Future's destructor).

There was no reason that invokeTest() is part of the test-runner API.

Stack unwinding via ligbcc does not (yet) work correctly within
EMPER. As result, the unwinding often causes a segfault shadowing the
actual cause.

Rename the macro used to build up the debug message, to better reflect
its generality.
It can be used anywhere to build a string with C++ stream formatting.
std::string s = EMPER_BUILD_STR("foo = " << 1 " , bar = " << bar(42));

Since WDBG was the only log macro without a terminating newline, which
was in fact broken according to flow, we can remove it and the new line
handling code in the LOG macro.

io_uring_submit does some inline error checking and consumes less
cqes than prepared if an error is detected.

Currently we just cancel the Futures, whose prepared sqes were not submitted.
But this leaves already prepared sqes for those futures in the SQ
of the io_uring which will be submitted the next time io_uring_submit
is called.

This results in a violation of the chain guaranty, that dependent operations
are only executed if all dependencies were successful.
Additionally this leads to double completions or memory corruption
because the io_uring will produce cqes for already completed Futures.

To prevent this from happening we track all sqes we prepared to
invalidate and resubmit those which were not submitted because of a short submit.
We invalidate sqes by preparing them as NOP instructions and set their
user data to NULL.

I took this approach instead of rewinding the ring or somethings like
similar because it seemed safer for me not fiddle with io_uring internals
and just be less efficient.

Enable previously failing LinkFutureTest test cases.

Fix compilation error in LinkFutureTest where clsoe was used instead
of closeAndWait.